Mutsch-Eckner M Erdelmeier CA Sticher O Reuter HD

A novel amino acid glycoside and three amino acids from Allium sativum.

In: J Nat Prod (1993 Jun) 56(6):864-9

Nagabhushan M Line D Polverini PJ Solt DB

Anticarcinogenic action of diallyl sulfide in hamster buccal pouch and forestomach.

In: Cancer Lett (1992 Oct 21) 66(3):207-16

Oelkers B Diehl H Liebig H

In vitro inhibition of cytochrome P-450 reductases from pig liver microsomes by garlic extracts.

In: Arzneimittelforschung (1992 Feb) 42(2):136-9

Orellana A Kawada ME Morales MN Vargas L Bronfman M

Induction of peroxisomal fatty acyl-coenzyme A oxidase and total carnitine acetyl-coenzyme A transferase in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes by garlic extracts.

In: Toxicol Lett (1992 Jan) 60(1):11-7

Osler: Garlic--natural remedy for atherosclerosis-related symptoms?

UGESKR LAEGER (1985 Jan 14) 147(3):151-5

Pan J Hong JY Ma BL Ning SM Paranawithana SR Yang CS

Transcriptional activation of cytochrome P450 2B1/2 genes in rat liver by diallyl sulfide, a compound derived from garlic.

In: Arch Biochem Biophys (1993 May) 302(2):337-42

Peng-J-P; Wang-X; Yao-X-S

Studies on two new furostanol glycosides from Allium macrostemon Bunge.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica (1993) 28(7): 526-531

Further studies on the active constituents in the bulbs of Allium macrostemon Bunge led to the isolation and structural determination of two new furostanol saponin macrostemonoside E and F. On the basis of chemical evidences and spectral analysis (UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13-C-NMR and FAB-MS), the structure of macrostemonoside E(I) was elucidated as (25R)-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-5-alpha-furost-20(22)-ene-3-beta, 26-diol-3-O-bea-D-glucopyranosyl (1 fwdarw 2) (beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 fwdarw 3))-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 fwdarw 4)-beta-D-galactopyranoside; macrostemonoside F(II) was established to be (25R)-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-5-beta-furost-20(22)-ene-3-beta, 26-diol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 fwdarw 2)-beta-D-galactoside. Preliminary pharmacological tests showed that bothmacrostemonoside E and F could strongly inhibit ADP-induced human platelet aggregation in vitro. The IC-50 of the former was 0.417 mM and that of the latter was 0.020 mM.

Phelps S Harris WS

Garlic supplementation and lipoprotein oxidation susceptibility.

In: Lipids (1993 May) 28(5):475-7

Platt D Brosche T

[A cholesterol-lowering effect of garlic? (letter)]

In: Dtsch Med Wochenschr (1992 Jun 12) 117(24):962-3

Popov I Blumstein A Lewin G

antioxidant effects of aqueous garlic extract. 1st communication: Direct detection using the photochemiluminescence.

In: Arzneimittelforschung (1994 May) 44(5):602-4

The antioxidant effect of the aqueous extract from the garlicpreparation Kwai was investigated using the method ofphotochemiluminescence. The method is based on the photo-induced, superoxide radical mediated autoxidation of luminol, and allows forthe capability of substances to inhibit the free radical processes inthis test system to be quantified, and hence for their antioxidantproperties in respect of a standard substance (e.g. ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol) to be compared. The aqueous extract obtained from 1mg of the garlic preparation was found to be anti-oxidatively aseffective as 30 nmol of ascorbic acid and/or 3.6 nmol of alpha-tocopherol.

Rainov NG Burkert W

Spontaneous shrinking of a macroprolactinoma.

In: Neurochirurgia (Stuttg) (1993 Jan) 36(1):17-9

Randerson K

Cardiology update. Garlic and the healthy heart.

In: Nurs Stand (1993 Apr 14-20) 7(30):51

Reeve VE Bosnic M Rozinova E Boehm-Wilcox C

A garlic extract protects from ultraviolet B (280-320 nm) radiation- induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity.

In: Photochem Photobiol (1993 Dec) 58(6):813-7

Lyophilized aged garlic extract has been incorporated at concentrations of 0.1% 1%, and 4% by weight into semipurified powdered diets and fed to hairless mice. Under moderate UVB exposure conditions resulting in 58% suppression of the systemic contact hypersensitivity response in control-fed mice, a dose-responsive protection was observed in the garlic-fed mice; contact hypersensitivity in the UVB-exposed mice fed 4% garlic extract was suppressed by only 19%. If the UVB exposure was replaced by topical application of one of a series of lotions containing increasing concentrations of cis-urocanic acid, a dose-responsive suppression of contact hypersensitivity was demonstrated in control-fed mice (urocanic acid at 25, 50, 100 and 200 mu-g per mouse resulting in 22-46% suppression). Mice fed a diet containing 1% aged garlic extract were partially protected from cis-urocanic acid-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity, with greater protection from the lower concentrations of urocanic acid. Mice fed a diet containing 4% aged garlic extract were protected from all concentrations of urocanic acid. The results indicate that aged garlic extract contains ingredient(s) that protect from UVB-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity and suggest that the mechanism of protection is by antagonism if the cis-urocanic acid mediation of this form of immunosuppression.

Rietz B Isensee H Strobach H Makdessi S Jacob R

Cardioprotective actions of wild garlic (allium ursinum) in ischemia and reperfusion.

In: Mol Cell Biochem (1993 Feb 17) 119(1-2):143-50

Rosin S Tuorila H Uutela A

Garlic: a sensory pleasure or a social nuisance?

In: Appetite (1992 Oct) 19(2):133-43

Rotzsch W Richter V Rassoul F Walper A

[Postprandial lipemia under treatment with Allium sativum. Controlled double-blind study of subjects with reduced HDL2-cholesterol]

In: Arzneimittelforschung (1992 Oct) 42(10):1223-7

Sainani GS Desai DB Natu MN Katrodia KM Valame VP Sainani PG:

Onion, garlic, and experimental atherosclerosis.

JPN HEART J 1979 May; 20(3):351-7

Forty-two healthy male albino rabbits weighing around 1 Kg were divided into 4 groups. Group I (8)- fed on normal stock diet, Group II (8)- fed on stock diet plus cholesterol (0.5 gm in 5 ml of olive oil). Group III (15)- received stock diet plus cholesterol plus garlic (0.25 gm) juice. Group IV (11)- received stock diet plus cholesterol plus onion (2.5 gm) juice. The animals were closely observed and followed for 16 weeks. Approximately every 4 weeks, blood samples were collected for estimation of various parameters (S. cholesterol, S. triglycerides, S. lipoproteins, S. phospolipids, and fibrinolytic activity). At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and degree of aortic atherosclerosis was graded (grade 0 to 4) in different groups and compared. Experimental study revealed that both garlic and onion (garlic more than onion) had significant effect in inhibiting the rise in S. cholesterol, S. triglycerides, S. beta lipoproteins, and S. phospolipids and significant effect in enhancing the fibrinolytic activity. The beta: alpha ratio was altered favourably and the ratio was kept close to normal. As regards the degree of aortic atherosclerosis as seen on post mortem, it was significantly less in garlic and onion group when compared with pure cholesterol group.

Sharma:

Effects of garlic extract and of three pure components isolated from it on human platelet aggregation, arachidonate metabolism, release reaction and platelet ultrastructure--comments

THROMB RES (1985 Feb 1) 37(3):489-90

Sendl A Elbl G Steinke B Redl K Breu W Wagner H

Comparative pharmacological investigations of Allium ursinum and Allium sativum.

In: Planta Med (1992 Feb) 58(1):1-7

Sendl A Schliack M Loser R Stanislaus F Wagner H

Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in vitro by extracts and isolated compounds prepared from garlic and wild garlic.

In: Atherosclerosis (1992 May) 94(1):79-85

Shenoy NR Choughuley AS

Inhibitory effect of diet related sulphydryl compounds on the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines.

In: Cancer Lett (1992 Aug 31) 65(3):227-32

Shoetan A Augusti KT Joseph PK:

Hypolipidemic effects of garlic oil in rats fed ethanol and a high lipid diet.

EXPERIENTIA 1984 Mar 15; 40(3):261-3

Feeding of ethanol and a high fat-high cholesterol diet to rats markedlyincreased the total lipids in the liver, and cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the serum, liver and kidneys. However, when ethanol mixed with 0.5% garlic oil was fed to animals maintained on the high fat-high cholesterol diet, these lipid levels were significantly reduced to levels near to those seen in untreated control rats. Garlic oil did not reduce the serum albumin or the total proteins of liver, kidneys or serum when fed along with ethanol. Probably the garlic oil enhances the catabolism of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids.

Silagy C Neil A

Garlic as a lipid lowering agent--a meta-analysis.

In: J R Coll Physicians Lond (1994 Jan-Feb) 28(1):39-45

Srivastava KC Tyagi OD

Effects of a garlic-derived principle (ajoene) on aggregation and arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets.

In: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids (1993 Aug) 49(2):587-95

Sumi S Tsuneyoshi T Furutani H

Novel rod-shaped viruses isolated from garlic, Allium sativum,

possessing a unique genome organization.

In: J Gen Virol (1993 Sep) 74 ( Pt 9):1879-85

Sundaram SG Milner JA

Impact of organosulfur compounds in garlic on canine mammary tumor cells in culture.

In: Cancer Lett (1993 Oct 15) 74(1-2):85-90

Six organosulfur compounds found in garlic were examined for their ability to alter the growth of canine mammary tumor cells (CMT-13) in culture. Water-soluble organosulfur compounds (S-allyl-cysteine, S-ethyl-cysteine and S-propyl-cysteine) did not significantly alter the growth of CMT-13 cells when added to cultures at 1.0 mM or less. However, oil-soluble organosulfur compounds (diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide) markedly inhibited growth. Increasing addition of diallyl disulfide (DADS) resulted in a progressive decrease in CMT-13 cell growth. Addition of glutathione before DADS markedly decreased the severity of the growth inhibition. Treatment with DL-buthionine-SR-sulfoxamine, a specific inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, accentuated the growth inhibition caused by DADS. These studies show that some organosulfur compounds found in garlic are effective inhibitors of the growth of the neoplastic CMT-13 cell. The inhibitory effects of these compounds are modified by intracellular glutathione.

Sundaram SG Milner JA

Antitumor effects of organosulfur compounds present in garlic against canine mammary tumor cells (Meeting abstract).

In: FASEB J (1992) 6(4):A1391

Sutabhaha S Suttajit M Niyomca P

Studies of aflatoxins in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

In: Kitasato Arch Exp Med (1992 Apr) 65(1):45-52

Tadi PP

ANTICARCINOGENIC, ANTITUMOR, AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF ALLIUM SATIVUM

In: Diss Abstr Int [B] (1992) 52(8):4144

Takada N Matsuda T Otoshi T Yano Y Otani S Hasegawa T Nakae D Konishi Y Fukushima S

Enhancement by organosulfur compounds from garlic and onions of diethylnitrosamine-induced glutathione S-transferase positive foci in the rat liver.

In: Cancer Res (1994 Jun 1) 54(11):2895-9